Previewing Masterclass 32: How to specialise in science, health or environment reporting

There are good reason for grouping science, health and environment together in our survey of journalistic specialisms

In terms of their subject matter, there are overlaps.

That’s reflected in the fact that many news titles and broadcasters give their correspondents responsibility for two or more of the science, health and environment categories.

The BBC, for example, has a science and environment correspondent, in David Shukman. Reuters has a health and science correspondent in Kate Kelland.

These beats have something else in common – they are often really badly reported.

Why is science reporting often poor?

Partly because the issues concerning science, health and environment beats are often very complex and impossible to boil down to a headline without risking getting things very wrong indeed.

Journalists and scientists work in diametrically opposed ways.

Journalists need it fast, scientists need to consider the import of a finding or event before they declare on it.

Can we overcome this?

Can science etc be reported well?

We’ll look in detail at how become a really good science reporter, taking advice from a range of experts – both scientists and journalists.

Environment, health and science also have this in common: they attract, and are appropriate beats for, those with science degrees. So we'll look at how scientists can become science journalists.

Our trio of topics make for great specialisms in B2B publications.

B2Bs are useful seed beds for specialist science, health and environment journalists, who often transfer to  serious newspapers and to broadcasters, both of which generally want specialists in these areas.

How to get into science journalism

We’ll take advice from the Association of British Science Writers on the various avenues into these beats – for those with a science background, and those without one.

I’ve known of pharmacists, scientists and others who have drifted into journalism and discovered that they are as good, if not better, at covering developments in their specialism as they were in practising it.

Because of the overlaps mentioned, much of what we say for science applies equally to health and environment.

So I’ve grouped a lot of information with general relevance under the heading of science journalism, and you’ll see that reflected in the modules,.

So if health or environment are your thing, it’s worth reading through science as well.

We’ll profile the star science, health and environment journalists, so you can learn from the best, and we’ll focus on the university courses relevant to these journalistic beats.

if you are not a subscriber to Multimedia Journalism: A Practgical Guide, you can only access the course until June 24 2011.  To subscribe, you can find out about the course here. And buy the textbook, and hence become a subscriber, here.

Subscribers have permanent access to all 35 masterclasses on every aspect of journalism practise and careers advice, as well as the full MMJ website, which is a multimedia support to the textbook..

Next: Science Journalism, how to get into it

Specialisms: Introducing Multimedia Journalism Masterclasses 26 to 33

We are moving in these masterclasses to a new area – that of specialisms

For most newly-qualified journalists, general reporting is their starting point – unless they choose the subbing and production route

If you want to remain a reporter long-term it’s often a good idea to specialise: to choose an area of news that you cover intensively and on which you become a trusted expert and authority.

There are a couple of reasons for this. One is that specialist knowledge, and the provision of reliable, authoritative information, has a value above that of general news.

As we are seeing, it is almost impossible to get people to pay for general news online. In the UK, it is very hard to make general news pay. You have the massively well-resourced BBC pumping out a huge volume of general news, without needing to heed the commercial realities that other, private media outfits are governed by.

So, as a reporter, you need to be a purveyor of information that is valuable to the audience you are targeting – perhaps for their work, or for informing commercial decisions that they must make. Or, it may be information that gives them depth of coverage in an area of interest to them: a hobby or pastime perhaps.

The rise in social media has further devalued the work of the general reporter.

Because so much general news coverage is contributed by citizens in some way – whether through their eye-witness stills or video, or through celebrities tweeting what is happening to them – the general reporter sees their stock falling.

We are going to look at a number of very different specialisms in this run of masterclasses:

There are loads of others we could cover. But whatever the specialism you choose, there are general principles of how to be a good specialist reporter that we can apply across the board.

So in this general guide to specialisms we’ll start off by looking at how to be a specialist reporter, and I’ll link to the areas of learning in previous masterclasses, and in the book version of MMJ and the companion website, that give you the general approach to take and the tools to use.

The last five linked masterclasses, Numbers 22 to 25 are particularly relevant, because they show you how to apply specialist reporting to the modern media world.

A good specialist reporter is locked in to social media. Just look at how many stories in tabloids are sparked by a celebrity’s tweet. Tabloids don’t always tell readers that they are sourcing so many stories on Twitter, but it has become a vital hunting ground for the showbiz specialist reporter.

Next: How to choose your specialism